Sleep Self-management in Pregnancy Using a Personalized Health Monitoring Device

Pregnancy-associated sleep disorders are a common acute experience in pregnancy experienced
by up to 82% of women. Sleep disorders are associated with increased risk for pre-eclampsia,
gestational diabetes, longer labor, cesarean birth, and postpartum depression, and are higher
among pregnant women of lower socioeconomic status. Traditional clinical management of sleep
disorders in pregnancy includes education and counseling on sleep hygiene and sleep
positioning, dietary modifications, relaxation, iron supplementation, weight management, and
physical activity, yet education-based behavioral interventions show minimal effectiveness
for improving sleep among pregnant women. These methods typically do not incorporate
objective self-monitoring, which is an important behavior change technique. In pregnancy,
objective self-monitoring on a day-to-day basis is particularly important as sleep disorders
may worsen as pregnancy progresses.

Computer-based personalized health monitoring (PHM) devices may serve as an effective tool
with which pregnant women can self-manage sleep through incorporation of regular feedback.
This strategy may be beneficial not only for women with pregnancy-associated sleep disorders
but also for pregnant women with less severe sleep disruptions that experience daytime
sleepiness, fatigue, and decreased quality of life. PHM devices have been used to promote
weight loss, diet, and physical activity changes but no studies have specifically targeted
sleep among pregnant women. The purpose of this pilot study is to establish the feasibility
and acceptability of conducting a 12-week intervention for sleep self-management with
pregnant women using a PHM device, in order to refine the intervention for a larger,
randomized trial.