Observational Study of Expected ARF Recovery

This study will enroll adults who are diagnosed with acute respiratory failure during an ICU
admission and discharged from the ICU alive. All participants will receive usual clinical
care. Participant expectations for functional recovery will be assessed before hospital
discharge via a standardized questionnaire containing a visual analogue scale and questions
about expected ability and importance of being able to perform activities of daily living and
instrumental activities of daily living in 6 months. At 6 months, participants will be
re-contacted by phone. Study staff will administer questionnaires to assess whether patient
expectations have been met. Quality of life will be assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF and the
EQ-5D-VAS.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Age ≥ 18 years

- Respiratory failure managed in the ICU, where respiratory failure is defined as ≥1 of
the following:

- Mechanical ventilation via an endotracheal tube ≥ 24 hours OR

- Non‐invasive ventilation (CPAP, BiPAP) ≥ 24 consecutive hours* provided for acute
respiratory failure (not for Obstructive Sleep Apnea or other stable use) OR

- High flow nasal cannula with FIO2 ≥ 0.5 and flow rate ≥ 30 LPM for ≥ 24 consecutive
hours*

*Occasional rest periods of ≤ 1 hour each are not deducted from the calculation of
consecutive hours.

- Expected by the clinical team to be discharged home alive

Exclusion Criteria:

- Patient in ICU < 24 hours

- Mechanical ventilation at baseline or mechanical ventilation solely for airway
protection or obstruction

- Residing in a medical institution at the time of hospital admission

- Homeless / Prisoner / Primary residence not in the USA / Unable to communicate by
telephone in English

- More than mild dementia (either known diagnosis of moderate or worse dementia or
IQ‐CODE > 3.6; screening performed on patients > 50 years old or with family reports
of possible memory decline)

- Patient on hospice at or before time of enrollment

- Patients who, based solely on pre‐existing medical problems (such as poorly controlled
neoplasm or other end stage disease, including Stage IV heart failure or severe
burns), would not be expected to survive 6 months in the absence of the acute
respiratory failure.

- Patients with neurological injury either receiving treatment for intracranial
hypertension or who are not expected to return to consciousness.

- Pregnancy