Pre-oxygenation With Real Time End-tidal Oxygen Measurements Versus Single Breath Measurements

Patients in the Emergency Department (ED) undergoing Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) are at
risk for serious morbidity and mortality. In order to provide oxygen during the apneic
period, it is common practice to provide pre-oxygenation prior to the start of the procedure
with high flows of oxygen. Different methods of pre-oxygenation have been studied by taking a
single breath end-tidal oxygen (EtO2) measurement with higher levels indicating more complete
pre-oxygenation. However, there has not been any research examining methods of determining
the quality of pre-oxygenation in real time. This study examines the performance of a nasal
cannula EtO2 measurement as compared to the gold standard of single breath end-tidal oxygen
measurements in healthy volunteers.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Adults 18 years of age and older who are able to consent on their own without a legal
representative (ability to consent)

- Self-identified as being in good health (ensuring healthy volunteers)

- Grossly normal dentition as judged by study investigators (may affect NIV mask seal)

- No history of severe pulmonary disease or asthma that requires daily use of an inhaler
(ensuring healthy volunteers)

- Females participants only: Self-reported to not be pregnant at time of study
enrollment (for protection of an unborn child)

Exclusion Criteria:

- Participant does not agree to study enrollment

- Participant cannot tolerate the entire course of non-invasive ventilation required to
complete the study

- Participant does not agree to the video recording of the oxygen monitor to ensure
proper data transcription